Select any four questions from chapters 6, 7 and 8 with at least one question from each chapter. Answer these questions and submit your answer in a Word document by the end of Saturday.

Chapter 6: The Theory and Estimation of Production

1.What are total, average and marginal product?

2.What is the law of diminishing returns? Provide an example.

3. If you are a manager, why you wouldn't like the level of production of your firm to be in the stages of production I and III?

4.Explain in your own words how the optimal use of labor occurs when the Marginal Labor Cost equals the Marginal Revenue Product. Generalize your understanding to the use of multiple inputs.

5.What is increasing, decreasing, and constant returns to scale?

6.Explain 'lean manufacturing' and how this could be applied to your job place.

Chapter 7:The Theory and Estimation of Cost

1.Why managers should differentiate historical costs from replacement costs?

2.Why managers should be aware of implicit and explicit costs?

3.Why sunk costs should not be considered for optimal managerial decisions?

4.Explain how the law of diminishing returns determine increasing marginal costs in the short run.

5.Explain the formulas, shapes and relationships of total costs, total variable costs, total fixed costs, average costs, average variable costs, average fixed costs and marginal costs (Hint: and the shapes (review pages 260-261 and Figure 7.2)

6.How a reduction/increase in the price of labor affect graphs a and b in Figure 7.2?

7.How Supply Chain Management can increase profits?

8.Cost reductions increase profits. Describe 3 out of the 8 ways firms reduce costs (pp. 280-285) and provide your own real examples.

9.Look at Figure 7.11: If the expected demand is 25000 units, what plant size would you recommend to install? Why?

10.Give your own examples of economies of scope and economies of scale.

Chapter 8:Pricing and Output Decisions: Perfect Competition and Monopoly

1. Compare and differentiate the 4 basic characteristics of perfect competitive and monopoly markets (Follow Figure 8.1A or Figure 8.1B)

2. Provide your own real examples of perfect competitive and monopoly markets, and explain how these firms are price takers and price makers.

3.How a perfect competitive firm determines the optimum output level? (Use Figure 8.4)

4.How much profit perfect competitive firms make in the short run and long run? (Figure 8.7 may help)

5.If a perfect competitive firm is making a loss, should it continue or exit the market? (You may want to look at Figure 8.8)

6.How a monopoly determines the optimum output level and optimum price? (Figure 8.11 may be useful)

7.How much profit monopoly firms make in the short run and long run?

8.Can a monopoly make a loss in the short run and long run?

9.What is the main lesson managers can learn from the study of perfect competitive markets?

10.What is the main lesson managers can learn from the study of monopoly markets?

I need an answer only for 4 questions one from each chapter or maybe for one chapter 2 questions need an answer. in total 4 questions with 4 answers.

please add all references

thank you