Select five factors from the following table. Then describe how physicians and administrators differ in their work-related perspectives. Considering these differences, what steps could managers use to lead physicians? (Note:The information reflects broad generalities that do not apply to every manager, physician, and healthcare organization.)

Factor Administrators Physicians Authority Organizational, legitimate, Professional, expert; individual expert; shared or individual Responsibility Individual and group Mostly individual Work relationships Hierarchical, bureaucratic, group Peer, collegial Allegiance, loyalty To the organization To patients, clients Decisions Deliberationses input from Quick, based on own judgment others, based on consensus Resources Viewed as limited, must be used Assume resources will be wisely available Patient focus Groups and populations of Usually one patient at a time patients Time frame Generally ranges from start time Now, today, this week, short- covered in the strategic plan term Dealing with uncertainty Accepted as part of the job Expects more certainty Feedback Sporadic, vague Specific, frequent Responsiveness To patients, families, physicians, To patients, families, physicians, board members, employees, other patient care team accreditors, other stakeholders members Compensation Salary Shifting from pay per patient or procedure to value-based payment