Selective perception Misperception Filtering Information overload Organizational barrier Cultural barrier Noise You are more likely to read all of your emails when there are only a few in your inbox. When you have dozens of messages, you are more likely to prioritize them and read only the most important ones right now. A manager with a finance background may be more likely to see the problem as finance- based, while a manager with a production background may be more likely to see it as production-based. To try to look good before a performance evaluation you tell your boss only about the things that are going well in your unit and fail to mention the challenges your team is facing