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Professor of Al

$($d$)$ The ability to execute instructions directly without the need for a translator or compiler $14)$ What is the downside of microprogram control compared to hardwired control?

$($a$)$ The need to retrieve and execute multiple micro$-$instructions for each complex instruction, which can result in slower execution times

$($b$)$ The lack of flexibility in the processor's instruction set.

$($c$)$ The complexity and difficulty of the design process.

$($d$)$ The need for a translator or compiler to convert instructions to machine code

What is hardwired control in computer architecture?

$($a$)$ A programming language that uses symbolic names to represent operations, registers, and memory locations.

$($b$)$ A way to implement control logic using physical gates, flip$-$flops, and other hardware components.

$($c$)$ A method of storing instructions in binary code.

$($d$)$ A technique used to break down complex machine instructions into simpler micro instructions.

How are complex instructions decoded in hardwired control?

$($a$)$ By the control unit directly,

$($b$)$ By breaking them down into simpler microinstructions.

$($c$)$ By storing them in a separate memory called the control store.

$($d$)$ By using physical gates, flip$-$flops, and other hardware components.

What is machine language in computer architecture?

$($a$)$ A programming language that uses symbolic names to represent operations, registers, and memory locations.

$($b$)$ A way to implement control logic using physical gates, flip$-$flops, and other hardware components.

$($c$)$ A method of storing instructions in binary code.

$($d$)$ A language native to a processor that is executed directly by hardware.

What is assembly language in computer architecture?

$($a$)$ A programming language that uses symbolic names to represent operations, registers, and memory locations.

$($b$)$ A language native to a processor that is executed by translating it to machine code.

$($c$)$ A method of storing instructions in binary code.

$($d$)$ A way to implement control logic using physical gates, flip$-$flops, and other hardware components.

What is the main advantage of assembly language over machine language?

$($a$)$ Assembly language is easier to read and understand for humans.

$($b$)$ Assembly language provides a one$-$to$-$one correspondence with hardware instructions. the processor.

$($d$)$ Assembly language requires less effort to write and debug than machine language.

What is the purpose of an operating system in the program execution process?

$($a$)$ To load the program into RAM.

$($b$)$ To allocate memory to the program and copy the program's instructions and data into that memory space.

$($c$)$ To communicate the start address of the program to the processor.

$($d$)$ All of the above

What type of software can be written using assembly language that directly interacts with hardware?

$($a$)$ High$-$level system software.

$($b$)$ Applications software,

$($c$)$ Device drivers and low$-$level system software. $($d$)$ Operating systems

In what type of systems is assembly language often used due to its criticality in performance and efficiency?

$($a$)$ Web development systems.

$($b$)$ Artificial intelligence systems.

$($c$)$ Embedded systems and real$-$time systems.

$($d$)$ Graphic design systems.

Mostafa Elhosseini

Professor of AI