shorten to 50 words, "This research was a three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial, which included two experimental groups and one control group. The study was carried out over a period of 24 weeks in three public diabetes referral clinics in Shiraz, Iran. After securing the necessary approvals from the Vice-Chancellor for Health Affairs of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and the heads of the three health centers, the researchers used one urban health center as a cluster in the randomization to prevent information contamination among participants from the same community. Out of the eight government diabetes referral clinics in Shiraz, three were chosen using a simple random sampling method. These three centers were then assigned to a control group and two experimental groups through simple randomization. The statistician was not aware of the group assignments in this study