Show that each of these arguments is valid, by showing that the premises lead to the conclusion via the rules of inference.a$)$ The dragon is friendly or hungry. The dragon is not hungry. Therefore, the dragon is friendly.b$)$ The dragon is hungry. Therefore, the dragon is friendly or hungry.c$)$ If the dragon is not hungry then the dragon is friendly. The dragon is not friendly. Therefore, thedragon is hungry.d$)$ All dragons are friendly and hungry. Smaug is a dragon. Therefore, Smaug is hungry.e$)$ Smaug, who is a dragon, is friendly. Therefore, there exists a friendly dragon.f$)$ All dragons attack only if they are provoked. Smaug, who is a dragon, was not provoked. Therefore,Smaug did not attack.