Since both sex and smoking history are dichotomous variables, I choose chi-square. H0: There is no difference in the smoking history of men and women. H1: There is a difference in the smoking history of men and women. Since the significant level is 0, it fails to reject the null. Thus, it concludes that the H0 is true. Therefore, there is no difference in the smoking history of men and women.H0 : There is no difference between males and females with respect to lung cancer.

H1 : There is a difference between males and females with respect to lung cancer.

In this case we do not reject the null hypothesis, because the p-value of 0.153 is greater than the significance level of 0.05. Therefore, there is no difference between males and females with respect to lung cancer (there is no association between sex and lung cancer).

H0: There is no difference in lung cancer and ever smoking more than 100 cigarettes

H1: There is a difference in lung cancer and ever smoking more than 100 cigarettes. Because the significance level is lower than 0.05 (P>0.05), thus we reject the null hypothesis because it is statistically significant. Thus, we can conclude that there is no significant difference between lung cancer and number of cigarettes smoked.

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