Sloan Company has owned a debt securities investment during $2024$ that has increased in fair value. After all closing entries for $2024$ are completed, the effect of the increase in fair value on total shareholders' equity would be:

Multiple Choice

lower under the available$-$for$-$sale approach than under the trading$-$securities approach.

the same amount under the available$-$for$-$sale and trading$-$securities approaches.

not possible to identify whether the available$-$for$-$sale or trading$-$securities approach yields higher shareholders' equity given this information.

higher under the available$-$for$-$sale approach than under the trading$-$securities approach.