Small business may be the backbone of the South African economy, but it$$s bearing the brunt of the energy crisis. Paying

for generators, fuel, and inverters, employing extra staff to work in less time, and having to turn away work are some of the

difficult steps this sector has had to take to survive. $$The situation has gone from bad to worse,$$says labour lawyer Michael

Bagraim. $$Normally at this time of year, my firm receives instructions to draft letters of appointment and contracts of

employment. All we$$ve been doing is retrenchments. Both in small and big business, retrenchment has been at an all$-$time

high. This is purely because of load shedding. Retrenchment is now greater than it was at the height of the pandemic.$$

Lessa Gordon Mauerberger$$s laundrette, Wash World, and Supa Clean, the factory she runs with her daughter$-$in$-$law,

Lauren Gordon, would have thrived in the holiday season if she hadn$$t had to turn down customers due to load shedding.

Located in the heart of Sea Point, the businesses service hotels, guest houses, day spas, airlines, and individual

customers, including tourists. $$It$$s been an absolute nightmare,$$she told the SA Jewish Report. $$We have lost a fortune of

work. We usually operate throughout the night, but power is often out for four hours every night. In addition, night staff get

paid extra, but they spend most of it waiting for power. All this has a huge knock$-$on effect.$$She says she cannot invest in a

generator, and a business like hers requires a huge amount of power.

$$I$$ve had to employ extra staff to do more work in less time. We$$ve had a fantastic season, but have had to turn down so

many customers, such as kids returning from camp.$$

She says small business owners often bear the brunt of angry and impatient customers and asks people to be

understanding and accommodating when it comes to load shedding, for example, by packing extra clothes for the holidays.

$$You can either be bitter or get on with it$.$We$$ve chosen to get on with it$.$We would be flying if we had the water and power

to do it$.$She notes that when Cape Town faced its infamous drought a few years ago, it also affected the business, yet she

survived. $$We lived through it all, and we$$re still standing.$$

Her daughter$-$in$-$law had to join the business when her late husband, Ronen Gordon, passed away suddenly eight months

ago. She has had to steer the ship amid the energy crisis, all while grieving her loss and learning the ropes. $$We deal on a

daily basis with firms who have less than $50$employees$,$Bagraim says. $$They can$$t afford alternative power sources and

invariably if they are involved in service or manufacturing, they cannot afford to keep open. It becomes too expensive to ask

staff to come in for two or three hours a day, and it becomes impossible for staff to pay for transport to earn only for those

two or three hours a day. The only alternative has been to undergo retrenchments. Normally, we would advise to put people

on layoff during load shedding like we did in the past but now, unfortunately, this is a daily occurrence and layoffs aren$$t an

option.$$

A bakery owner, speaking on condition of anonymity, says, $$Our big ovens take $1\mathrm{.}5$hours to warm up$,$and then just as we

put the cakes in$,$the electricity goes off. There$$s a huge waste of paid working time and ingredients. My cold rooms get

warm and iced cakes don$$t cool enough to travel. It would cost half a million rand for a generator to run our ovens, and it

would be so big, it would take up most of our parking area. That$$s before you buy the diesel, which would push the prices so

high, no one would buy the cakes.$$

Even with a generator, entrepreneurs are struggling. Shelene Shaer, the co$-$owner of Tanaz Hair, says $$Our generator pulls a

huge amount of power because of the hairdryers. It$$s the cost of diesel that$$s prohibitive. Sometimes the diesel cost equals

our electricity bill. Our electronic equipment is affected because of power surges. Please answer questions below.Loadshedding has been plaguing South Africa since $2008.$It has progressively intensified and is affecting businesses as detailed in the article above. Using any examples from the article as the basis of your answer, recommend how the leaders of these organisations should

deal with the risks that their entities face.