Some discretion in monetary policy is socially desirable because

a.there is a need to adjust policy according to specific situations when the range of possible circumstances is complex.

b.the ability of policymakers to change policies at will is necessary to make the political system responsive to the voters' demands.

c.investment would always be higher if the public expects the central bank to deviate from its announced policies.

d.fiscal policy is discretionary and must be counterbalanced by discretion in monetary policy.

e.all of the above.