Sometimes technology can sound geeky, and so technical that executives might think that it doesn't require managerial or investor attention. However, many investing in the telecom sector suffered from a lack of insight on how a key technology was impacting their industry. Telecom firms failed to anticipate the impact of a technology known as which enabled existing fiber to carry more transmissions than ever before.

radio frequency identification $($RFID$)$

dense wave division multiplexing $($DWDM$)$

cloud computing

open source software

resource$-$based software