Sorry I know this is a lot. Thanks in advance!

1. In BURWELL v HOBBY LOBBY (2014), the Supreme Court considered the claims of a corporation that it should not be required to provide certain insurance coverage because it conflicted with the owners' religious beliefs. Which of the following statements about the Court's opinion is correct?

1. A for-profit corporation owned by family members with sincere religious beliefs can be considered a "person" within the meaning of the First Amendment's protection for the free exercise of religion.
2. Corporations are not natural persons and therefore cannot claim protection for their religious beliefs under the First Amendment.
3. All of these are correct.
4. Only non-profit religious corporations can claim protection under the First Amendment
5. None of these are correct.
6. In her dissent, Justice Ginsburg argued that the opinion was too limited in its scope and that all corporations whose owners object to any federal law affecting their religious beliefs should be able to avoid that law.

2. In this 1942 case, the Supreme Court held that wheat production by an individual farmer intended for use solely on his farm could be regulated by Congress under the Commerce Clause:

1. HEART OF ATLANTA MOTEL v US
2. HAMMER v DAGENHART
3. WICKARD v FILBURN
4. KATZENBACH v MCCLUNG
5. MCCULLOCH v MARYLAND
6. US v DARBY LUMBER

3. The only crime specifically defined in the Constitution is:

1. High crimes and misdemeanors b.
2. Piracy
3. No crimes are defined in the Constitution.
4. Habeas corpus
5. Treason
6. Bribery

4. Pat stands in front of Rogue's Tavern, shouting "fighting words" and other hate speech likely to incite violence by Rogue's patrons. The First Amendment protects such speech:

1. None of the time
2. All of the time
3. Only if it is noncommercial
4. Only if Pat is sober
5. Only if the speech is symbolic

5. In the decision of ______________, the Supreme Court used similar reasoning as in its earlier decision in ______________ to uphold Congress's power under the Commerce Clause to legislate in the area of drug possession:
   1. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD v JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL; SCHECTER POULTRY CORPORATION v US
   2. GONZALEZ v RAICH; WICKARD v FILBURN
   3. US v DARBY LUMBER; HAMMER v DAGENHART
   4. US v MORRISON: US v LOPEZ
   5. HEART OF ATLANTA MOTEL v US; KATZENBACH v MCCLUNG
6. Under the First Amendment, in comparison with commercial speech, the protection given to child pornography is

1. More extensive
2. Non-existent
3. The same as symbolic speech
4. Equally extensive

7. In MARBURY v MADISON, Chief Justice John Marshall first stated the doctrine of judicial review. Which of the following statements about his decision is correct?

1. James Madison was the Secretary of State for John Adams. and it was Madison's failure to deliver the commission before Adams left office that led to the lawsuit.
2. At the time of the decision. John Adams and Thomas Jefferson were close political allies with similar views on the nature and scope of the federal government's power.
3. William Marbury did not obtain his federal commission because Chief Justice Marshall held that the Supreme Court did not have the power to grant his request.
4. Thomas Jefferson wanted the Supreme Court to have the power to declare a law unconstitutional.

8. This portion of the Constitution enumerates actions that Congress may not take:

1. The Fourteenth Amendment
2. Article I, Section 8
3. The Supremacy Clause
4. The Privileges and Immunities Clause
5. Article I, Section 9
6. Article I, Section 10

9. Dom burns a US flag in his backyard. He films the activity and posts the video on YouTube. Dom's conduct is most likely:

1. Given strict scrutiny under the Equal Protection Clause
2. Protected by the First Amendment
3. Subject to reasonable restrictions under the Procedural Due Process Clause
4. Expressly prohibited by the Constitution

10. Book Stop, a bookstore in Capital City, sells publications that criticize government actions and policies. The city enacts an ordinance prohibiting the sale of such materials in the interest of preserving public tranquility. This ordinance is most likely

1. Constitutional under the First Amendment
2. An invasion of individual right to privacy
3. An unconstitutional restriction of speech
4. A violation of corporations' rights to certain privileges

11. What is the longest portion of the Constitution?

1. The Fourteenth Amendment
2. Article II
3. Article III
4. The first three Articles are of equal length 0 Article 0 The Bill of Rights

12. Tom and Rita Wilson are devout members of a strict religious group that requires any illness or injury to be treated only by prayer. Their church teaches that anyone who seeks any other type of medical assistance cannot receive salvation and must be shunned by the community. When the Wilsons' six-year-old son becomes dangerously ill, they and their fellow members attempt to cure him with prayer. If the State government steps in and demands that the child be provided life-saving medical treatment, what is the likely outcome?

a. The State's attempt to provide medical care, against the parents' strong religious objections. is an unconstitutional violation of the parents' First Amendment right to the free exercise of their religion.

b. The First Amendment's protection of freedom of religion is not absolute, and the State's responsibility to protect children would override the parents' religious beliefs.

c. None of these are correct.

d. The State's imposition of its own standards over the church's doctrine violates the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.

e. The State's action interferes with the power of the federal government and violates the Supremacy Clause of the Constitution.

13. In this decision, Chief Justice John Marshall defined the Commerce Clause to give Congress wide powers to regulate many forms of business contact between States, including interstate transportation:

1. MARBURY v MADISON
2. GIBBONS v OGDEN
3. FULTON v WEBSTER
4. VANDERBILT v MASON
5. MCCULLOCH v MARYLAND

14. This 1941 decision held that Congress had the power under the Commerce Clause to regulate working conditions in businesses, overturning its earlier decision that Congress could not regulate child labor:

1. US v DARBY LUMBER
2. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD v JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL
3. HAMMER v DAGENHART
4. WICKARD v FILBURN
5. US v E.C. KNIGHT COMPANY
6. SCHECTER POULTRY CORPORATION v US

15. In the case of , the Supreme Court held that the establishment of a national bank was within Congress's authority under the

1. MARBURY v MADISON; Supremacy Clause
2. GIBBONS v OGDEN; Commerce Clause
3. VANDERBILT v MASON; Full Faith and Credit Clause
4. MCCULLOCH v MARYLAND; Necessary and Proper Clause
5. FULTON v WEBSTER; Dormant Commerce Clause

16. Which of the following statements regarding the First Amendment is correct?

1. The drafters of the Bill of Rights were equally concerned about protecting political speech and commercial speech.
2. Nonverbal communication such as actions or emblems on clothing can be considered a type of speech protected by the First Amendment.
3. The First Amendment applies only to natural human beings, not to legal entities such as corporations.
4. The Establishment Clause limits freedom of religion to well-established traditional religious groups.
5. All of these are correct.
6. None of these are correct.

17. In this case, the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the Civil Rights Act, ruling that Congress has the power under the Commerce Clause to require an Alabama restaurant to serve black customers:

1. KATZENBACH v MCCLUNG
2. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD v JONES & LAUGHLIN STEEL
3. SCHECTER POULTRY CORPORATION v US
4. GONZALEZ v RAICH O US v DARBY LUMBER
5. HEART OF ATLANTA MOTEL v US

18. In this case, the Supreme Court struck down a portion of a federal law that attempted to limit or prevent monopolies in the production of a commodity:

1. US v LOPEZ
2. US v LOPEZ
3. SCHECTER POULTRY CORPORATION v US
4. US v E.C. KNIGHT COMPANY
5. GIBBONS v OGDEN
6. GONZALEZ v RAICH

19. The State of Florida can regulate building contractors and building codes in the State under its:

1. System of checks and balances.
2. Commerce power.
3. Police powers
4. Entitlement to full faith and credit

20. In DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA v HELLER, the Supreme Court:

1. Struck down a local gun control law as an unconstitutional infringement of the Second Amendment.
2. Held that local and State governments have broad authority under their police powers to limit the possession of any types of firearms.
3. Ruled that private individuals may possess firearms only when serving in the National Guard.
4. Held that any local or State restriction on the possession and use of any type of firearms violates the Second Amendment.

21. Oklahoma enacts a law that requires all businesses in the State to donate 10 percent of their profits to Protestant churches that provide certain services to low-income persons. Mega Mart files a suit to block the law's enforcement. The reviewing court would likely hold that this law violates:

1. No provision of the Constitution
2. The Free Exercise of Religion Clause
3. All of these are correct.
4. The Establishment Clause
5. The Supremacy Clause
6. The Dormant Commerce Clause
7. None of these are correct.

22. The Dormant Commerce Clause:

1. Is defined in Article I. Section 7 of the Constitution.
2. Prevents States from enacting laws and regulations that unduly burden interstate commerce and discriminate unfairly against citizens and businesses in other States.
3. Requires States to legislate in areas that affect intrastate commerce.
4. specifically reserves legislative powers to the States under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution.
5. Was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in the 1994 case of SOUTH DAKOTA v DOLE.

23. An attorney is defending a State law that is being challenged as unconstitutional. The attorney would like the reviewing court to use this standard of review:

1. Intermediate level scrutiny
2. Strict scrutiny
3. Rational basis
4. Quasi-strict scrutiny
5. None of these

24. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay wrote a series of letters to persuade the States to adopt the Constitution. These letters are collectively known as:

1. None of these
2. The Federalist Papers
3. The Federal Register
4. The Articles of Confederation
5. The Constitutional Debates

25. The term "checks and balances" refers to the system under which:

a. Any judicial decision with respect to property rights in one State will be honored and enforced in all States.

b. A State must refrain from imposing burdens on citizens of another State.

c. The powers of government are divided among its branches. each of which can exercise some limits on the actions of the others.

d. The national government regulates interstate commerce.