Spotify$$s Direct$-$Listing IPO

$1.$ Assess the current economic and market climate. Assess the music streaming industry How is Spotify disrupting the industry? What are some of the key success factors?

$2.$ Evaluate Spotify$$s past financial performance. What are some of the takeaways from your analysis?

$3.$ What are the differences between a traditional listing and the direct listing being pursued by Spotify?

$4.$ Using the information provided, what should Spotify$$s shares be trading at on the first day of its listing? Would you recommend that Wang invest in Spotify? If so$,$ at what price and investment horizon?