Statistics for Psychology Chapter 5 Practice Exercise 5a Do Canadian children whose parents are librarians score higher than Canadian children in general on reading ability? Population 1: Population 2: HI: Ho: Would you use a one-tailed test or a two-tailed test? Explain your answer. Is the level of income for residents of a particular city different from the level of income for people in the region? Population 1: Population 2: HI: Ho: Would you use a one-tailed test or a two-tailed test? Explain your answer.Statistics for Psychology Chapter 5 Practice Exercise 5b A researcher studying the senses of taste and smell has carried out many studies in which students are given each of 20 different foods by dropping a liquid on the tongue (apricot, chocolate, cherry, etc.). Based on her past research, she knows that for students overall at the university, the mean number of the 20 foods that students can identify correctly is 14, with a standard deviation of 4, and the distribution of scores follows a normal curve. The researcher wants to know whether people do worse on the task when they are only able to taste the liquid compared to when they can both taste and smell it. Thus, she sets up procedures that keep a person from being able to use the sense of smell during the task. The researcher then tries the procedure on one randomly selected student. This student is able to identify only 5 correctly. Using the .05 significance level, what should the researcher conclude? Solve this problem explicitly using all five steps of the hypothesis testing procedure and illustrate your answer with a sketch showing the comparison distribution, the cutoff (or cutoffs), and the score of the sample on this distribution.Chapter 5 Homework 1. What are the five steps of hypothesis testing? List each step and explain the procedure and logic of each. 2. Explain why it is inaccurate to state that a statistically significant result "proves" that the research hypothesis is true. 3. For each of the following, identify your populations, write out your research and null hypotheses, indicate whether you should use a one-tailed or a two-tailed test, and explain why. i. In an experiment, participants are told to type a paragraph as quickly as they possibly can. Is the typing accuracy score different for people who get such instructions compared to the typing accuracy score for people who are given no special instructions? Population 1: Population 2: Ho Should you use a one-tailed test or a two-tailed test?: Why ? ii. A researcher asks participants to take a 10-minute walk before measuring anxiety levels. Do people who walk first score lower on measures of anxiety than people in general who do not walk first? Population 1: Population 2: HI: Ho Should you use a one-tailed test or a two-tailed test?: Why? iii. Do people who live in rural areas develop more physical illnesses than people in general? Population 1: Population 2: Ho Should you use a one-tailed test or a two-tailed test?: Why? 4. Based on the information given for each of the following studies, decide whether to reject the null hypothesis. Provide the following for each: (Assume that all populations are normally distributed.) a. The Z-score cutoff (or cutoffs) on the comparison distribution at which the null hypothesis should be rejected b. The Z score on the comparison distribution for the sample score c. Your conclusion Population Study M SD Sample Score P Tails of Test A 6 0.8 .05 1 (high predicted) 0.8 05 2 C 0.8 01 1 (high predicted) 0.8 8 01 2