Steve is a contract carrier for the United States Postal Service. He has been hauling mail for nearly thirty years. His current contract is to haul mail between 20 cities in the eleven western states. Steve currently has a fleet of 16 tractors and employs over 20 drivers. He does not own any trailers as all of the trailers are owned by the Postal Service. Steves drivers drive scheduled routes between the cities.

The Postal Service has just awarded Steve an additional contract that will require Steve to purchase six new tractors. He competed aggressively for the contract and spent a total of $45,000 in costs to prepare and submit the bid. Steve has narrowed his decision of which new trucks to buy down to two choices. He can purchase Volvo tractors or Kenworth tractors. The Volvo tractors would cost $285,000 each where the Kenworth would only cost $255,000 each. Both models would be depreciated to zero over 5 years using straight line depreciation.

The Postal Service contract pays Steve $2.85 per mile. Costs associated with each new tractor include wages for the drivers at $80,000 per truck per year and regular service and maintenance at a cost of $1,750 per month per truck. Fuel costs vary as Volvo is more fuel efficient than the Kenworth. Assume the tractors will be driven 105,000 miles per year and diesel costs will average about $3.25 per gallon. The Volvo is expected to get 3.6 miles per gallon while the Kenworth will get 3.3 miles per gallon. Insurance and licensing is expected to cost $6,000 per truck per year and is the same for both trucks.

Both models will require a complete engine overhaul at 300,000 miles and Steve estimates that this will be during the third year of ownership. The cost of an overhaul on the Volvo is estimated at $45,000 per truck while the cost on the Kenworth is estimated at $52,000 per truck. All other maintenance costs are believed to be the same for each tractor.

Steve expects to keep the trucks for six years after which time he will sell them. He will not overhaul the tractors in year 6 as it will not increase their value. He predicts that he will be able to sell the Volvos for $60,000 each, but the Kenworth will be worth only $50,000 each. Steves cost of capital is 14%. The company is in the 26% tax bracket (state and Federal combined).

When Steve got started in the business his first truck was a Volvo. While they cost more Steve believes that they are a better truck and he loves the sleek and powerful look of a Volvo. Because of this he is leaning towards buying the Volvo tractors. But after hearing that you have learned about capital budgeting in your Finance class at UVU he wants to take advantage of your expertise. Steve has asked you to analyze his choices and give him some advice on what he should do.

Prepare an analysis and professional report for Steve that includes the following items:

1. Determine the cash flows associated with the different trucks for each year of the project.

2. Calculate the PB period, Discounted PB, IRR, and NPV for the two alternatives. Explain to Steve what the different methods mean and how he can use them to help him make a decision.

3. Determine which tractor you would recommend that Steve purchase.

4. Write a professionally written letter (2-3 pages), plus attached schedules, that explains what analytical techniques were used, why those techniques where used, what the results were, what you would recommend to Steve, and why. Make sure that the letter is well organized and professionally written.

Submit the letter with attached schedules that show the details of your analysis

Also, include your Excel spreadsheet with calculations.