Structure of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue DERMATOLOGY HYPODERMIS EPIDERMIS RETICULAR DERMIS STRATUM CORNEUM DERMAL PAPILLAE AREOLAR KERATIN PAPPILLARY LAYER FLEXION HEMOGLOBIN THICK SKIN JAUNDICE MELANOCYTES CAROTENE KERATINOCYTES FRICTION RIDGES STRATUM SPINOSUM ERYTHEMA MELANIN CYANOSIS HEMANGIOMAS STRATUM BASALE SUBCUTANEOUS FAT The study and treatment of the integumentary system is called [1]. The skin, its largest organ, consists of a stratified squamous epithelium called the [2] and a deeper connective tissue layer called the [3]. The dead, cornified cells at the surface form a layer called the [4], which is composed mainly of the protein [5]. This layer is especially well-developed on the palms and soles, where the skin is therefore called [6]. Except for this dead layer, most of the thickness of the epidermis is a layer called the [7], composed mainly of cells called [8]. The deepest layer of the epidermis is the [9], where mitosis occurs and cells called [10] synthesize the pigment melanin. The superficial layer of the dermis is the [11]. It consists of loose, or [12], connective tissue. This layer is named for the upward corrugations called [13], which resist slippage of the epidermis over the dermis. Deep to this is a layer of dense irregular connective tissue called the [14] layer. The tissue deep to this is not part of the skin, so it is called the subcutaneous tissue. It can also be called the [15], or in places where it is predominantly adipose, it can be called [16]. Caucasian skin gets its color mainly from the white dermal collagen and the blood pigment [17]. The dietary pigment [18] sometimes gives it a yellowish tint, but if both the skin and the whites of the eyes are tinted this color, a disorder called [19] may be suspected. Black, brown, tan, and reddish hues are all due to various amounts of [20]. Choking or cardiac arrest may cause an abnormal skin color called [21], due to a low level of oxygen in the blood. The redness of blushing or sunburn is called [22]. Two skin markings that develop before birth are birthmarks, clinically known as [23], and fingerprints, or [24]. [25] creases form after birth as the joints are repeatedly flexed. 10. 19. 2. 1 1. 20. 3. 12. 21. 4. 13. Dermal Papillae 22. UI 14. 23. Hemangioma 6. Thick Skin 15. 24. 7. 16. 25. 8. 17. 9. 18