1. Suppose on Monday 25^th July 2022 the USD was worth $1.10/. The three-month forward rate for the USD is $1.15/. Calculate the USD forward premium or discount in percentage terms (must show your workings). Explain what these quotes indicate for the future value of the USD and the euro. GIVE THE CALCULATIONS

2. Suppose over the last five years the volatility of $/ increased rapidly. What is likely to happen to its ($/) bid-ask spread? In an environment of such extreme volatility, the central bank of a country (e.g., the US's Federal Reserve System) can take measures to intervene in the foreign exchange market. What does the central bank usually do if the value of domestic currency is very high or very low?