Suppose that, to assess theintelligenceof each of a group of adults, an investigator uses a yardstick to measure the height of each individual, and then repeats the measurement. Which of the following best characterizes the measuring device (i.e., the yardstick) for measuring intelligence? (In the following answers, "validity" refers to validity as a measure of intelligence.)

A. The measuring device is likely neither reliable nor valid.

B. The measuring device is likely to be reliable, but not valid.

C. The measuring device is likely to be valid, but not reliable.

D. The measuring device is likely to be both reliable and valid.

The description of the specific procedures used to measure or manipulate a variable in a particular study is called the:

A. procedural definition.

B. statistical analysis plan.

C. questionnaire.

D. operational definition.

For a set of individuals, the correlation between scores on a measure of empathy and percentage of income donated to charity is 0.7.What does this indicate?

A. Over people, as empathy score increases, the percentage of income donated to charity increases.

B. Highly empathic people donate 70%more to charity than unempathicpeople.

C. Over people,as empathy score increases, the percentage of income donated to charitydecreases.

D. Highly empathic people are 70%more likely to donate a portion of their incomes to charity than unempathicpeople.