Suppose you are testing to see if your dog, Hope, understands pointing towards an object. You place two objects about 2.5 meters away, then you point towards one of the objects. In 20 trials, Hope goes to the correct object 13 times (or 65%).

Given below is the resulting simulation distribution from the One Proportion applet. Based on this simulation, do we have convincing evidence against the observed study results happening by chance alone?

No, since 0.65 is a fairly typical outcome if Hope was just guessing.

No, since we could have observed a value greater than 0.65 just by random chance.

Yes, since the height of the dotplot above 0.65 is smaller than the height of the dotplot above 0.5.

Yes, since 0.65 is larger than 0.5.

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