Suppose you are to invest $100 into Bond A, which can default with 9% probability. If it defaults, you lose your initial investment. Otherwise, you return your $100 notional and a $10 coupon. Calculate Bond A's 5% and 10% VaR and Expected Shortfall. Now consider you are to invest $400 into equally weighed portfolio of Bonds B, C, D and E, which are all identical to Bond A, and are in- dependent. Calculate 5% and 10% VaR and Expected Shortfall of the portfolio. Do VaR and ES satisfy the sub-additivity property in this example? Explain your answer. Now consider you are to invest $200 into the First-to-Default derivative contract, where bonds B and C are the underlying assets. If at least one of the underlying bonds defaults, the FTD defaults as well, and you lose your initial investment. Otherwise, you return your $200 notional and a $50 coupon. Calculate 5% and 10% VaR and Expected Shortfall of FTD. Now consider you are to invest $400 into the portfolio of two FTDs, identical to the contract described in (c). You may assume, that they are independent. Calculate 5% and 10% VaR and Expected Shortfall of the portfolio. Conclude, if the portfolio in (b) is more or less risky than the portfolio in (d).