Table 4.1 (pp. 81-83) provides a compilation of the financial ratios most commonly used to evaluate a companys financial performance and balance sheet strength. Using the formulas in Table 4.1 and Costcos financial statement starting on page 110, calculate the following measures of financial performance for 2012 and 2013. Be sure to report items (a) through (e) in percentages (i.e. multiply your result x 100).

a.	Gross profit margin.
b.	Operating profit margin.
c.	Net profit margin.
d.	Return on stockholders equity.
e.	Return on assets.
f.	Times-interest-earned (or coverage) ratio.
g.	Debt-to-equity ratio.
h.	Days of inventory.
i.	Inventory turnover ratio.
	j. Average collection period. Consolidated Statements of Income for Costco Wholesale Corporation, 20122013 (in millions, except per share data) 2013 2012 Revenue Net sales ................................................................ $110,212 $102,870 Membership fees ............................................... 2,428 2,286 Total revenue ................................................. 112,640 105,156 Operating Expenses Merchandise costs ..... $ 98,458 $91,948 Selling, general, and administrative ............... 10,899 10,155 Operating income .............................................. 3,220 3,053 Other income (expense) Interest expense ......... (113) (99) Interest income and other, net ............................... 90 97 Income before income taxes ............................ 3,197 3,051 Provision for income taxes....................................... 1,109 990 Net income including noncontrolling interests ...... 2,088 2,061 Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests ...... (30) (22) Net income attributable to Costco ................... $ 2,058 2,039 Net income per common share attributable to Costco: Basic ................................................................ $ 4.69 $ 4.68 Diluted .............................................................. $ 4.65 $ 4.63 Shares used in calculation (000s)