Ten year old Madison was riding her brand new scooter she received from her parents as a birthday gift. Going down a rather steep hill, Madison lost control of the scooter around the curve at the base of the hill and sideswiped a tree. Her parents rushed her to the Emergency Room where she was seen, treated and sent home.

1. Describe the pathophysiology of the pain that Madison initially felt.
2. What is an acceptable pain rating scale that could be used to assess Madison's pain?
3. Using one of the pain theories from the textbook, discuss how it applies to this case study.
4. What patient education would you anticipate the health care professional who would provide to Madison and her parents - include what you think the treatment would entail?