Test Assignment; I need help to fill the blank spaces

QUESTIONS

1. __________________ A law that provides punishment for an act that was not defined as a crime when the act was committed or that increases the penalty for a crime committed prior to the enactment of the statute.
2. __________________ In contrast to written law, this type of law consists of legally binding rules derived from judicial decisions, customs, and traditions. Broadly defined, it refers to the legal system that began in England and was followed in the United States.
3. __________________ A serious offense such as murder, armed robbery, or rape.
4. __________________ A punishment theory and a sentencing goal, generally implemented by incarcerating offenders to prevent them from committing any other crimes.
5. __________________ A system in which the accused is presumed guilty and must prove his or her innocence.
6. __________________ The lawful exercise of authority, and the geographic area in which authority may be exercised.
7. __________________ The power of juries to ignore the evidence and acquit, even in the face of strong evidence supporting a conviction.
8. __________________ Acts morally wrong in themselves, such as rape, murder, or robbery.
9. __________________ Acts that are wrong because they are prohibited by legislation, although they may not be recognized by most people as morally wrong.
10. __________________ A crime that is less serious, punishable by a fine, probation, or a short confinement in a jail.
11. __________________ A step in a judicial proceeding, petitioning a higher court to review a lower court's decision.
12. __________________ The American Law Institute's systemized statement of criminal law that was proposed in 1962. Its provisions are suggested as models for state criminal law revisions.
13. __________________ The body of law that provides the legal methods and procedures by which substantive law is to be enforced.
14. __________________ A government official whose duty is to initiate and maintain criminal proceedings on behalf of the government against persons accused of committing crimes.
15. __________________ Punishment that is prohibited by the Eighth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.