Thanks for your submission. You completed the requirements of the assignment. The concepts were well presented in your paper. Keep up the good work! Grade and rationale: 100% Assignment completion: Fully answered the questions; Understanding shown: Good understanding shown for the questions Expression: Clear; for scholarly writing, Grammar/APA: Appropriate Problem Set Week 6 Chapters 9 & 10 Chapter 9: Complete the EVEN numbers problems listed below; the problem set begins on page 311 in Gravetter and Wallnau (2013). The answers to the odd numbered problems are in the back of the book for additional practice. Provide the answer to each question number listed below using complete sentences in APA format. Steps completed to determine the answer may also be included. 6.) a. The sample mean is 5. The standard deviation is 2.4495. b. The standard error is 1. 10.) a. Given that the sample mean is 76, the sample size is 16, the population mean is 70, and the sum of squares is 960. The difference between the sample mean and the original mean is 6. b. The estimated standard error is 2. c. Given that the population mean is 76 and the sum of squares is 960, the H: = 70 means the treatment will have no significant effect and H: 70 means the treatment will have significant effect. For a two-tailed test with = 0.05 and df = 16, the critical t values are t = 2.131. The tstatistic is 3. Since this is within the critical region, the treatment has significant effect. H is rejected. Good! 14.) H: 20 H: >20 For a one-tailed test with = 0.01 and df = 29, the critical t values are t = 2.462. These critical t values define the boundaries of the critical region. The obtained t value must be more extreme than either of these critical values to reject H. The standard error for these data is 1.5. The sample mean corresponding to a t statistic is 2.53. The t statistic we obtained is in the critical region. Therefore, our statistical decision is to reject H. Therefore, the average age of the library books is significantly greater than 20 years. Good! 18.) a. The null hypothesis represents no significant change in the math test scores of general population and the children with the history of daycare. The alternative hypothesis represents a significant change in the math test scores of general population and the children with the history of daycare. H: =81 H: 81 The degrees of freedom is 24. The critical value of t 2.80. The standard deviation is 8. The standard of error is 1.6. The test statistic value is 3.75. This is beyond the critical boundaries, so there is sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis. It can be concluded that there is a significant change in the math test scores of general population and the children with the history of daycare. b. The Cohen's d can be computed to measure the size of the treatment effect, which is 0.75. c. The data shows that there is a significant change in the math test scores of general population and the children with the history of daycare. 20.) a. The Cohen's d is estimated to = 0.4. To calculate r, the values of the t and degrees of freedom are needed. r= 0.1429. b. The Cohen's d is estimated to = 0.4. To calculate r, the values of the t and degrees of freedom are needed. r= 0.1458. c. If the sample size increases, then the measure of estimate of the size decreases. Additional Item: 1.) Write the null and alternative hypotheses for the following items 10, 14, 18, and 20 above. #10. H: = 70 means the treatment will have no significant effect and H: 70 means the treatment will have significant effect. #14 The null hypothesis is the average age of the library books is significantly not greater than 20 years. The alternate hypothesis is the average age of the library books is significantly greater than 20 years. #18 The null hypothesis represents no significant change in the math test scores of general population and the children with the history of daycare. The alternative hypothesis represents a significant change in the math test scores of general population and the children with the history of daycare. #20 The null hypothesis represents treatment will have no significant effect. The alternate hypothesis means the treatment will have significant effect. Chapter 10: Complete the EVEN numbers problems listed below; the problem set begins on page 346 in Gravetter and Wallnau (2013). The answers to the odd numbered problems are in the back of the book for additional practice. Provide the answer to each question number listed below using complete sentences in APA format. Steps completed to determine the answer may also be included. 4.) The two populations from which the samples are selected must have equal variances. This assumption is referred to as homogeneity of variance. The homogeneity of variance assumption is quite important because violating this assumption can negate any meaningful interpretation of the data for an independent measures experiment. If this assumption is violated, the t statistic can cause misleading conclusions for a hypothesis test. 8.) a. By definition, the sample variance of the first sample is 158.1818. By definition, the sample variance of the second sample is 141.8182. As the sample size of the two samples is the same, the pooled variance for the given samples is exactly halfway between the two sample variances. Therefore the pooled variance for the given samples is 150. b. The estimated standard error is 5. c. H: 1- 2=0. There is no significant difference between the two treatments. H: 1- 20. There is a significant difference between the two treatments. Under the test statistic, t = 1.60. This value does not fall in the critical region (t = 2.074). Therefore, the null hypothesis is not rejected. There is no significant difference between the two treatments. d. H: 1- 2=0. There is no significant difference between the two treatments. H: 1- 20. There is a significant difference between the two treatments. Under the test statistic, t = 2.4. This value does fall in the critical region (t = 2.074). Therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected. There is a significant difference between the two treatments. e. From part c, the percentage of variance accounted for is 0.1042. From part d, the percentage of variance accounted for is 0.2075. 12.) a. 32 b. H: There is no significant difference between the two treatments. H: 1- 2=0 H: There is a significant difference between the two treatments. H: 1- 20. Under the null hypothesis, the test statistics is obtained as t (30) = 2.085. The obtained t value of 2.085 falls in the critical region (critical t = 2.042 for 30 degrees of freedom). The null hypothesis is rejected. There is a significant difference between the two treatments. c. The percentage of variance accounted for is 0.1266. 14.) a. H: There is no significant difference between the eating attitudes for males and females. H: 1- 2=0 H: There is a significant difference between the eating attitudes for males and females. H: 120. Under the null hypothesis, the test statistics is obtained as t (30) = 2.085. The obtained t value of 2.085 falls in the critical region (critical t = 2.042 for 30 degrees of freedom). The null hypothesis is rejected. There is a significant difference between the two treatments. The degrees of freedom are determined as 22. The critical t values are +2.074 and -2.074. The pooled variance is 90. The estimated standard error for mean difference is 4. The t statistic is -2.25. The obtained t value of -2.25 falls in the critical region of the left tail. The null hypothesis is rejected. There is a significant difference between the attitudes for males and females. b. The percentage of variance accounted for by gender difference is 0.1871. c. The statistical test of hypothesis at 5% level of significance reveals that the scores of males' attitude and females' attitude in the negative aspects of eating are not differ significantly. As the percentage of variance accounted for by gender difference is estimated to 0.1871. That means there is a medium effect on the inference of hypothesis testing by size. 16.) a. H: There is no significant difference between the attitudes for males and females. H: 1- 2=0 H: There is a significant difference between the attitudes for males and females. H: 1- 20. Under the null hypothesis, the test statistics is obtained as t (18) = 0.27. The obtained t value of 0.27 does not fall in the critical region (critical t = 0.27 for 18 degrees of freedom). The null hypothesis is not rejected. There is no significant difference between the two treatments. b. T = 1.1628 and df = 18, therefore the amount of variance accounted for by gender difference is 0.0040. c. The statistical test of hypothesis at 5% level of significance reveals that the scores of males' attitude and females' attitudes toward functional foods are not differed significantly. As the percentage of variance accounted for by gender difference is estimated to 0.070. That means there is a small effect on the inference of hypothesis testing by size. 20.) H: There is no significant difference between the two conditions. H: 1- 2=0 H: There is a significant difference between the two conditions. H: 1- 20. Under the null hypothesis, the test statistics is obtained as t (26) = 2.056. The obtained t value of 2.056 falls in the critical region (critical t = 2.056 for 26 degrees of freedom). The null hypothesis is rejected. There is a significant difference between the two treatments. The degrees of freedom are determined as 22. The critical t values are +2.056 and -2.056. The pooled variance is 63. The estimated standard error for mean difference is 3. The t statistic is 2.33. The obtained t value of 2.33 falls in the critical region of the left tail. The null hypothesis is rejected. There is a significant difference between the two conditions. Well Done! Additional Item: 1.) Write the null and alternative hypotheses for the following items 12, 14, 16, and 20 above. #12. H: There is no significant difference between the two treatments. H: 1- 2=0 H: There is a significant difference between the two treatments. H: 1- 20. #14. H: There is no significant difference between the eating attitudes for males and females. H: 1- 2=0 H: There is a significant difference between the eating attitudes for males and females. H: 120. #16. H: There is no significant difference between the attitudes for males and females. H: 12=0 H: There is a significant difference between the attitudes for males and females. H: 1- 20. #20. H: There is no significant difference between the two conditions. H: 1- 2=0 H: There is a significant difference between the two conditions. H: 1- 20 Course Code: EDR7101 Course Start Date: 06/13/2016 Section: Quantitative Research and Signature Assignment Week: 11 Activity: Purpose Statement Sentence, Research Questions, and Hypotheses Activity Due Date: 08/28/2016 Activity Description In Problem Sets 6 and 7, you submitted a set of hypotheses (i.e., 8 sets in Problem Set 6, and 5 sets in Problem Set 7). Review the instructor's feedback to further refine these sets of hypotheses. For each set of these refined hypotheses, develop a related purpose statement sentence or \"The purpose of this quantitative study is to...\" keeping the focus solely on the purpose or intent of the research, not on the problem. A complete purpose statement as noted in the Dissertation Center Templates will not be developed, just the beginning problem statement sentence or \"The problem of this quantitative study is to...\" Followed by the purpose statement sentence for each of the noted hypotheses, develop a related research question. Remember, a research question is open-ended and does not elicit a yes/no response. Present the purpose statement sentence, research question, and hypotheses in the following format: 1. The purpose of this quantitative study is to... Q1. (note the research question here) Ho. (note the null hypothesis here) Ha. (note the alternative hypothesis here) 2. etc. (a total of 13 purpose statement sentences, research questions, and sets of hypotheses should be submitted) For example, The purpose of this quantitative study is to determine the effectiveness of a multi-dimensional literacy intervention program on the academic progress among poor freshmen readers. Q1. What is the effectiveness of a multi-dimensional literacy intervention program on the academic progress among poor freshmen readers? Ho: A multi-dimensional literacy intervention program will result in a non-significant effect on the academic progress among poor freshmen readers. Ha: A multi-dimensional literacy program will significantly increase academic progress among poor freshmen readers. (Note how each component is related in content and in wording.) Submit your assignment using the Upload button below. Learning Outcomes 1.0 Examine basic statistical concepts. 2.0 Analyze the differences among various statistical analyses. 4.0 Analyze quantitative data by hand and with statistical software. Resources Websites Reference Instruction University of South Alabama (2012). Writing quantitative research questions Read article http://www.southalabama.edu/coe/bset/johnson/oh_master/Ch3/Tab0307.pdf