The advantage that focused companies have over their broad market rivals is that they:

a$.$ can sell on non$-$price factors, such as design or customer service.

b$.$ can respond to demands for deep price discounts.

c$.$ sell fewer products in bulk to outsell their rivals.

d$.$ can initiate a price war in order to grow volume and drive its weaker rivals out of the industry.

e$.$ can absorb cost increases that may be passed on downstream by powerful suppliers.