The bargaining power and leverage of customers, the members of wholesale clubs, is a very weak competitive force.

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Wholesale club members buy in relatively small quantities; no single member accounts for a meaningful fraction of a wholesale c$|$ total sales.

Factors that are acting to intensily the bargaining power of buyers are the low switching costs to purchase from a different retailer.

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Individual buyers have strong negotiating power at wholesale clubs.

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Wholesale club members buy in relatively small quantities; no single member accounts for a meaningful fraction of a wholesale club total sales.

The bargaining power and leverage of customers, the members of wholesale clubs, is a very strong competitive force.

Wholesale club members buy in large quantities allowing them to negotiate for better prices.