The concept of coercion is a very important one. Watching the video, we learned that when an entry does not match what an R function is expecting, R tries to guess what we meant before throwing an error. This might get confusing at times.As we've discussed in earlier questions, there are numeric and character vectors. The character vectors are placed in quotes and the numerics are not.We can avoid issues with coercion in R by changing characters to numerics and vice$-$versa. This is known as typecasting. The code, as$.$numeric$($x$)$ helps us convert character strings to numbers. There is an equivalent function that converts its argument to a string, as$.$character$($x$).$