The diagram below shows a consumer's preferences over right shoes and left shoes. As

shown in the diagram, the two are perfect complements.

The consumer's income is $10.

The budget constraint is initially BC

, where both

0

prices are equal to $1. The diagram shows that the price of left shoes increases to $4,

which shifts the budget constraint to BC

.

1

(a) The total effect is a decline in

left shoes purchased.

(b) The substitution effect is a decline in

left shoes purchased.

(c) The income effect is a decline in

left shoes purchased.