The energy to excite valance electrons in atoms is usually measured in electron volts (eV). The amount of energy to excite the 3s electron in the sodium atom to a 4p level is 3.8 eV. What is the wavelength of radiation that provides this energy to excite the atom? This is also the wavelength of radiation emitted when the atom returns to its ground state (valance electron back to 3s).

Rank the three common types of atomizers flame, electrothermal and plasma in terms of the highest stable temperatures that can be achieved. Explain briefly why analytical sensitivity in atomic emission measurement tends to be higher with higher temperature.