The ethical basis of -- and the rationale underlying -- the legal and regulatory doctrine of informed consent is ___________.

Group of answer choices

rooted in the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.

to better involve hospital staff, keeping in mind that the staff always knows what is best for the patient.

rooted in the notions of freedom of choice, liberty, and autonomy of the patient.

to protect the basic rights and responsibilities of the healthcare provider in determining the best course of treatment for the patient before she knowledgeably consents.

rooted in the notions of patient's right to popular speech.