The financial staff of Cairn Communications has identified the following information for the first year of the roll-out of its new proposed service:

Projected sales $20 million Operating costs (not including depreciation)

$8 million Depreciation

$4 million Interest expense $3 million

The company faces a 40% tax rate. What is the project's operating cash flow for the first year (t = 1)? Write out your answer completely. For example, 2 million should be entered as 2,000,000.