*The first and last question sets on this assignment use the Palmer Penguins dataset. You can learn more about this dataset here: Horst AM, Hill AP, Gorman KB (2020). palmerpenguins: Palmer Archipelago (Antarctica) penguin data. R package version 0.1.0.https://allisonhorst.github.io/palmerpenguins/ DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3960218.

Lesson 10: ANOVA

This question uses the Palmer Penguins dataset, which can be downloaded on the assignment page in Canvas. These data were collected from a sample of 344 penguins. We want to compare the body masses (in grams) of the three different species of penguins that are represented in this sample: Chinstrap, Gentoo, and Adelie.

A. Use Minitab Express to compute the mean and standard deviation for the body_mass_g variable for each of the three penguin species separately (Descriptive Statistics > Variable = body_mass_g and Group variable =species). Remember to include your Minitab Express output and to clearly identify your final answers. [5 points]

B. Using Minitab Express, construct side-by-side boxplots to compare the body masses of the three penguin species. For a review, see page 3.3 in the online notes. [5 points]

C. Use Minitab Express to conduct a one-way ANOVA to compare the mean body masses of the three penguins species. Use the five-step hypothesis testing procedure. [25 points]

Step 1: State hypotheses and check assumptions

Step 2: Compute the test statistic

Step 3: Determine the p-value

Step 4:Decide to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis

Step 5: State a real-world conclusion

D. Use Minitab Express to conduct Tukey simultaneous tests for differences in means. Remember to include all relevant output. Clearly state which pairs are significantly different and which pairs are not significantly different. [10 points]

E. Write a few sentences summarizing the results of your one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests for a general audience. Imagine that you are explaining your results to someone with little or no knowledge of statistics. [5 points]