The flange is made of carbon steel with a stainless-steel lining (raised face) in the form of a ring. A flat asbestos gasket (Gasket factor=2) of 1000 mm inside diameter and 1100mm external diameter with 4mm thickness is used to cover the raised face. Estimate the following (i) Minimum bolt load under atmospheric and operating conditions in N (ii) Boll area in mm2. Data given: Minimum design seating stress= 12N/mm; design pressure =0.5N/mm2 and permissible stress =56N/mm2 [12M] The flange is made of carbon steel with a stainless-steel lining (raised face) in the form of a ring. A flat asbestos gasket (Gasket factor=2) of 1000 mm inside diameter and 1100mm external diameter with 4mm thickness is used to cover the raised face. Estimate the following (i) Minimum bolt load under atmospheric and operating conditions in N (ii) Boll area in mm2. Data given: Minimum design seating stress= 12N/mm; design pressure =0.5N/mm2 and permissible stress =56N/mm2 [12M]