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temperature. 7. Researchers conducted a phase 2 A_ B randomized controlled trial to determine the efficacy of NVX-CoV2372 COVID-19 Vaccine against B.1.351 Variant. The trial was conducted in South Africa, where participants were randomly assigned to receive two doses either of the NVX-CoV2372 vaccine or placebo. Participants received at least one injection of vaccine (n=2199) or placebo (n=2188). The primary efficacy end point was confirmed symptomatic Covid-19 that occurred within 7 days after receipt of the second injection. Among 2684 baseline seronegative participants, symptomatic Covid-19 was observed in 15 participants in the vaccine group and in 29 participants in the placebo group. These findings correspond to a vaccine efficacy of 49.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.1 to 72.8). What conclusion should you make based on the given data? a. Fail to reject Ho and conclude there is not sufficient evidence to support the claim that the NVX-CoV2373 vaccine is efficient in reducing the risk of B. 1.351 Variant. b. Fail to reject Ho and conclude there is sufficient evidence to support the claim that the NVX-CoV2373 vaccine is efficient in reducing the risk of B. 1.351 Variant. c. Accept Ho and conclude there is sufficient evidence support the claim that the NVX-CoV2373 vaccine is efficient in reducing the risk of B. 1.351 Variant. d. Reject Ho and conclude there is sufficient evidence to support the claim that the NVX-CoV2373 vaccine is efficient in reducing the risk of B.1.351 Variant. e. Reject Ho and conclude there is sufficient evidence to support the claim that the NVX-CoV2373 vaccine is not efficient in reducing the risk of B. 1.351 Variant. 8. Ms. Frizzle is currently on a field trip in Asia with her class where they are studying the Siamese Fighting Fish in their natural habitat (also known as Betta fish). Before embarking on their trip, she predicted that the pond would be full of 64% veiltails, 24% crowntails, and then 12% halfmoon tails. Ms. Frizzle documented the different observed betta tails in the chart below. Using a 0.05 significance level, test the claim that the actual frequencies correspond to what Ms. Frizzle predicted. Betta Tail Type Veiltail Crowntail Halfmoon Observed Frequency What conclusion should you make based on the given data? a. Fail to reject Ho due to insufficient evidence and conclude that the observed Beta tail types correspond with Ms. Frizzle's predicted distribution. b. Fail to reject Ho due to sufficient evidence and conclude that the observed Beta tail types correspond with Ms. Frizzle's predicted distribution. Accept Ho due to sufficient evidence and conclude that Ms. Frizzle's actual frequencies correspond to her predicted distribution. d. Reject Ho due to insufficient evidence and conclude that at least one of the observed Beta tail types does not correspond with Ms. Frizzle's predicted distribution. e. Reject Ho due to sufficient evidence and conclude that at least one of the observed Beta tail types does not correspond with Ms. Frizzle's predicted distribution. 9. The environmental and reproductive health departments at UCSF studies the interaction of pregnancies outcomes and chemical exposures. One study that was just funded looks at preterm birth weight and exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFAS), a common chemical added to non-stick cookware. The study has 1,000 participants, 495 that had a low preterm birth weight (under 5 lbs) and 505 that had high preterm birth weights (>5 lbs). and 50 were not. In terms of exposure, 950 of them were exposed to PFAS daily during their pregnancy What are the independent and depend
