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The following data are metabolic expenditures for eight patients admitted to a hospital for reasons other than trauma and for seven patients admitted for multiple

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The following data are metabolic expenditures for eight patients admitted to a hospital for reasons other than trauma and for seven patients admitted for multiple fractures (trauma). Metabolic Expenditures (kcal/kg/day) Nontrauma patients: 20.1 22.9 18.8 20.9 20.9 22.7 21.4 20.0 Trauma patients: 38.5 25.8 22.0 23.0 37.6 30.0 24.5 a. Is the difference in averages resistant? (Hint: What happens if 20.0 is replaced by 200?), briefly explain. b. Replacing each value with its rank, from the lowest to highest, in the combined sample gives Metabolic Expenditures (kcal/kg/day) Nontrauma patients: 3 9 1 4.5 4.5 8 6 2 Trauma patients: 15 12 7 10 14 13 11 Consider the average of the ranks for the trauma group minus the average of the ranks for the nontrauma group. Is this statistic resist. Calculate and briefly explain. Note: "ranking" refers to the data transformation in which numerical or ordinal values are replaced by their rank when the data are sorted. If, for example, the numerical data 3.4, 5.1, 2.6, 7.3 are observed, the ranks of these data items would be 2, 3, 1 and 4 respectively

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