1. The following questions will help you develop your understanding of the concepts and process of hypothesis testing.

   Which of the following is an example of a Null hypothesis?

   The population mean height for males and females is not the same.

   The population meanheight for males and females is the same.

   The population mean height for females is higher than males

   The population mean height for males is higher than females.

1 points

QUESTION 2

1. Hypothesis testing always assumes which of the following is true?

   The theory

   The Null hypothesis

   The Alternate hypothesis

   The research question

1 points

QUESTION 3

1. Which of the following statements best define thep-value for a study?

   The probability that the Null hypothesis is true.

   The probability that the Alternate hypothesis is false.

   The probability of obtaining an observed sample result, or one more extreme, under the assumption that the Null hypothesis is true.

   The probability that the results of a study occurred by chance.

1 points

QUESTION 4

1. When do we reject the Null hypothesis?

   When the confidence interval captures the Null hypothesised value.

   When a test statistic is no more extreme than the critical value

   When thep-value is less than the significance level

   When thep-value is greater than the significance level

1 points

QUESTION 5

1. The results of a Hypothesis test are said to be statistically significant under which of the following conditions? Check all that apply as more than one option may be correct.

   When thep-value is less than the significance level

   When the test statistic is more extreme than the critical value

   When the confidence interval for a sample statistic does not capture the Null hypothesised value.

   When the power of a test is 80% or higher.

1 points

QUESTION 6

1. Match the research question, research hypothesis and statistical hypotheses with the correct example.

   - A. B. C. D.	Research Question
   - A. B. C. D.	Research Hypothesis
   - A. B. C. D.	Null hypothesis
   - A. B. C. D.	Alternate Hypothesis

   A.	The population mean 100m running time will reduce after drinking a caffeinated sports drink.
   B.	People who drink caffeinated sports will demonstrate improved sport performance.
   C.	Do caffeinated sports drinks improve sport performance?
   D.	The population mean 100m running time will not change after drinking a caffeinated sports drink.

1 points

QUESTION 7

1. When the Null hypothesis is rejected, which of the following statements is true?

   The results prove the Alternative hypothesis is true

   The results support the Alternative hypothesis

   The results prove the Null hypothesis is false

   There is only a 5% chance that a Type I error has occurred.

1 points

QUESTION 8

1. When ap-value is greater than the significance level , e.g. 0.05, what should the decision be?

   to reject the Null hypothesis

   to accept the Alternate hypothesis

   to fail to reject the Null hypothesis

   to accept the Null hypothesis

1 points

QUESTION 9

1. The results of a study are found to be statistically significant. What does this mean?

   The Alternate hypothesis was true

   The Null hypothesis was true

   That thep-value was less than the significance level

   The study had true scientific value

1 points

QUESTION 10

1. One-sample Hypothesis Testing

   The following questions will help develop your understanding of one-sample hypothesis testing.

   The Times.csv dataset (see Data Repository) contains the 100 meter running times (seconds) of a random sample of 15 people. What is the sample's mean 100m running time? (Round answer to two decimal places)

1 points

QUESTION 11

1. What is the sample'sstandard deviation for 100m running time? (Round to two decimal places)

1 points

QUESTION 12

1. The population mean 100m running time is believed to be 14 seconds. Assuming running times are normally distributed in the population, does this sample provide evidence that the population mean is not 14 seconds? Which of the following is the correct Null hypothesis?

   H₀: 14 sec

   H₀: = 14 sec

   H₀: > 14 sec

   H₀: < 14 sec

1 points

QUESTION 13

1. Which of the following is the correct Alternate hypothesis?

   H_A: =14 sec

   H_A: >14 sec

   H_A: 14 sec

   H_A: <14 sec

1 points

QUESTION 14

1. Calculate the sample's test statistic. (Round answer to three decimal places)

1 points

QUESTION 15

1. What is the upper tail critical value for the two-sided Hypothesis test? (Round answer to three decimal places)

1 points

QUESTION 16

1. What is thep-value for the Hypothesis test? (Round to three decimal places)

1 points

QUESTION 17

1. Based on thetest statisticandp-value from the Hypothesis test, what was the correct decision?

   Accept H₀

   Reject H₀

   Accept H_A

   Fail to reject H₀

1 points

QUESTION 18

1. Which of the following conclusions best summarises the results of the Hypothesis test for 100m running times?

   The results of the study failed to find statistically significant evidence that the population's mean 100m running time was different to 14 seconds.

   This study proved that the population's mean 100m running time was 14 seconds.

   This study found statistically significant evidence that the population's mean 100m running times was less than 14 seconds.

   The results of this study were inconclusive due to small sample size.

1 points

QUESTION 19

1. What was the lower bound of the sample's 95% CI of the mean? (Round to three decimal places)

1 points

QUESTION 20

1. The 95% CI of the sample's mean 100m running time captures H₀: = 14 sec. True or false?

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 21

1. As the Null hypothesised value is captured within the CI, the results of the Hypothesis test are not statistically significant. True or false?

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 22

1. What would be thep-value of the 100m running time Hypothesis test if H_A: < 14 sec was used? (Round answer to three decimal places)

1 points

QUESTION 23

1. It is has been said that the average physically active adult can leg press 2 times their body weight. A researcher gathers a random sample of the population andtests their 1 repetition max kg (1RM) on a leg press machine. The researcher then divides the 1RM by the person's body weight to get the 1RM kg/Body kg ratio. The Leg press.csv dataset is available from the data repository.Assuming the data are normally distributed, does this sample provide evidence that the population mean 1RM for leg pressis not 2 times a person's body weight? Which of the following is the correct Null hypothesis?

   H₀: 2

   H₀: >2

   H₀: <2

   H₀: =2

1 points

QUESTION 24

1. Which of the following is the correct Alternate hypothesis?

   H_A: 2

   H_A: =2

   H_A: <2

   H_A: >2

1 points

QUESTION 25

1. What is the sample's mean ratio? (Round answer to two decimal places)

1 points

QUESTION 26

1. What was the sample's standard deviation of the ratio? (Round to two decimal places)

1 points

QUESTION 27

1. Calculate the sample's test statistic. (Round answer to three decimal places)

1 points

QUESTION 28

1. What is the upper critical value for the two-tailed Hypothesis test? (Round answer to three decimal places)

1 points

QUESTION 29

1. What is thep-value for the Hypothesis test? (Round answer to three decimal places)

1 points

QUESTION 30

1. Based on thetest statisticandp-value from the Hypothesis test, what was the correct decision?

   Accept H₀

   Fail to reject H₀

   Reject H₀

   Accept H_A

1 points

QUESTION 31

1. Which of the following conclusions best summarises the results of the Hypothesis test for leg press study?

   This study proved that the population's mean ratio was 2.

   This study found statistically significant evidence that the population's mean ratio was greater than 2.

   The results of the study failed to find statistically significant evidence that the population's mean ratio was different to 2.

   The results of this study were underpowered and, therefore, inconclusive.

1 points

QUESTION 32

1. What is the upper bound of the sample's 95% CI of the mean? (Round answer to three decimal places)

1 points

QUESTION 33

1. The 95% CI of the sample'sratiocaptures H₀: = 2. True or false?

   True

   False

1 points

QUESTION 34

1. What would be thep-value of the 1RM leg press/body weight kg ratio Hypothesis test if H_A: <2 was used? (Round answer to three decimal places)

1 points

QUESTION 35

1. As the Null hypothesised value is captured within the CI, the results of the Hypothesis test are not statistically significant. True or false?

   True

   False