The following table shows various countries' economic growth rates and rankings on the Human Development Index (HDI). The HDI was developed in 1990 by the United Nations Development Program. It is now calculated and published annually by the World Bank. Table 1 Average annual Human economic Development Country growth (%) Index 2010-2014* Rank 2013 Australia 2.60 2 Brazil 3.23 79 China 3.58 91 Gabon 5.78 112 Germany 1.95 6 Hong Kong 3.77 15 Indonesia 5.81 108 Japan 1.49 17 Singapore 6.44 9 Sudan 1.13 166 United Kingdom 1.69 14 United States 2.21 5 Vietnam 5.86 121 *Average of the five years 2010-2014 inclusiveNote that the HDI is based on three variables covering several facets of wellbeing: . longevity (life expectancy at birth) education attainment (adult literacy rate and combined gross primary, secondary and tertiary enrolment ratio) standard of living (GDP per capita).Table 2 Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Australia 1.96 2.32 3.73 2.51 2.47 Brazil 7.57 3.92 1.76 2.74 0.14 China 10.63 9.48 7.75 7.68 7.35 Gabon 7.44 6.33 6.50 4.35 4.30 Germany 4.09 3.59 0.38 0.11 1.60 Hong Kong 6.77 4.81 1.70 3.07 2.50 Indonesia 6.22 5.17 6.03 5.58 5.02 Japan 4.65 -0.45 1.75 1.61 0.10 Singapore 15.24 6.21 3.41 4.44 2.92 Sudan 3.47 -1.97 -2.21 3.31 3.08 United Kingdom 1.91 1.65 0.66 1.66 2.55 United States 2.53 1.60 2.32 2.22 2.39 Vietnam 6.42 6.24 5.25 5.42 5.98 Yearly data from the World Bank (e.g. percentage of annual GDP growth; see http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG) are used to calculate the average economic growth for each nation. While average growth is an interesting statistic on its own, it is also instructive to note annual growth figures, since these indicate different recovery paths from the impact of the Global Financial and Economic Crisis (GFEC) on economic activity