The format for each question should be no more than 500 words per answer, and use an example to explain your thoughts. You are requested to submit two questions per week.

1. Explain the dividend discount model for stock valuation and its relationship to the CAPM model.
2. Explain the "Efficiency Curve" and why credit ratings matter.
3. In the current environment, discuss the implications to the IPO market using Jay Ritters' theory.
4. A topic from the following:

• The implications of inflation to corporate valuation
• Increasing energy prices and the impact on corporate valuation.
• The effect of volatility on the share prices and the IPO market
• Any topic that is topical and of interest to you!v