(The is assignment is under Outline Planning Guide. The bibliography, which I have completed below will help with the assignment)

Annotated Bibliography

"Freedom of Speech: Crash Course Government and Politics #25."YouTube, 31 July 2015, https://youtu.be/Zeeq0qaEaLw. Accessed 11 Nov. 2022.

Key use: This video provides the following information:

• Freedom of expression was primarily necessary to enable for public criticism of the government.
• The First Amendment shields you from actions taken by the government that seek to restrict your freedom of speech, but not others. (If your manager dismisses you because you used improper words against them, they are not going against your right)
• Not all protected speech falls under the First Amendment's umbrella of equal protection.
• Political speech is the type of speech that is most strongly protected.
• Favored position: Every time a statute, rule, or presidential action restricts political expression, courts virtually always overturn it.
• Brandenburg v. Ohio was the significant case that ultimately determined the issue of political speech.
• A Ku Klux Klan leader was giving a speech that many found disrespectful and even menacing. No matter how offensive the speech was, the court decided that it was protected by the First Amendment because it was political.
• Advocacy is not illegal unless it is intended to spur immediate action and is likely to do so.
• The court ruled that speech is protected by the First Amendment regardless of whether it calls for the use of force, so long as it doesn't immediately result in what you're supporting. This ruling narrowed an earlier free speech norm that had been advanced in the 1917 case of United States v. Schenck. In that occasion, Schenck disseminated leaflets encouraging individuals to refrain from the draft for World War I. The Espionage Act, which made it illegal to hinder the draft or the war effort, was broken in this instance.
• The First Amendment can also protect symbolic speech. It entails doing things like burning an American flag, holding signs, and donning armbands.
• Not all symbolic speech is protected, as was the case when a student was rightfully suspended for waving a banner that read, "BONG HiTS 4 JESUS."
• Even hate speech, such as burning a cross, is protected.
• Though it might not always be, political commercial speech will always be protected. It has been established that spending money on political campaigns qualifies as speech covered by the First Amendment.

This video is very helpful as it gives the audience basic information about the First amendment in order to understand the rest of my article.

Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969), THE FIRST AMENDMENT ENCYCLOPEDIA, 2009, https://www.mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/189/brandenburg-v-ohio. Accessed 11 Nov. 2022.

Key use:This article provides an explanation of theBrandenburg v. Ohiolandmark case.Here, the audience will learn about the 'imminent lawless action' speech test and will be provided a few case examples in order to broaden their understanding.

Texas v. Johnson, BALLOTPEDIA, https://ballotpedia.org/Texas_v._Johnson. Accessed 11 Nov. 2022.

Key use: The court case against Mr. Johnson is detailed on this website, along with the accusations and judges' ultimate decision. This decision was controversial, as not all government officials agreed that Johnson's First Amendment rights were violated. Other significant cases that are connected to this one were briefly mentioned, including Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969), which upheld the right to wear a black armband as a type of symbolic expression, and Stromberg v. California (1931), which declared the conviction of a youth camp employee who showcased a socialist flag unconstitutional.

"Justice Brennan citedBrandenburg v. Ohioand wrote that the state may only punish speech that would incite imminent lawless action, and he rejected that flag burning constituted imminent lawless action."

One will learn from this source what constitutes acceptable free speech and what does not. Additionally, as can be seen above, it is related to the case I chose, Brandenburg v. Ohio.

President Obama Tells Graduates to Embrace Free Speech, But He Hasn't Always Done the Same, Anthony Fisher, 5 Nov. 2016, https://reason.com/2016/05/11/president-obama-support-free-speech/. Accessed 11 Nov. 2022.

Key use:The importance of speech is discussed in this article by former President Barack Obama. He exhorts students to voice their own opinions honestly, while also listening to and comprehending those of others, even when doing so can be uncomfortable. Because such statements are coming from a highly regarded man, this source will encourage others to exercise their rights.

Above is information that will help with the assignment below.

QUESTIONS

Outline Planning Guide

This guide will assist you in organizing your thoughts and drafting an outline for your informative/explanatory article. Your annotated bibliography will also be helpful for reference during this process.

Step 1:

Fill in the following pieces of information and answer the relationship questions.Each of these items are required subtopics in your informative/explanatory article.

Topic: Landmark Case: Advocate example: Contemporary Case #1: Contemporary Case #2:

Relationship Questions:

Are the subtopics equal in importance?

Are there relationships of time between subtopics?

Are any subtopics a result of other subtopics?

Optional Step: creat e a bubble graphic to show the relationships between your topics.

Step 2:

Follow the steps for creating your outline with Roman numerals and letters to organize your topic and subtopics. As you work, add the ML A citatio n for sources from your annotated bibliography where they would best support your outline.

	Your Outline	M LA Citation s for sources from your annotated bibliography to support each part of your outline.
I. Introduction of the topic
II. InformingDescribe the personal liberty and the amendment History Definition Advocate
III. Landmark caseExplain the challenge Focus of the landmark case Evidence of the landmark case Result and impact of the landmark case
IV. Two Contemporary casesExplain the cases Current case 1 Current case 2
V. ConclusionExpress the significance of the liberty and the amendment