The local hardware store is looking for a qualified person to fill a stock clerk position. A criterion for selection is that the person should be able to lift $100$ pounds, the weight of the bags of cement that must be unloaded daily. If a group of female applicants challenges this policy as being discriminatory against females who typically cannot lift as much as males, the company could defend the lifting requirement as a:

promissory estoppel.

bottom$-$line defense.

business necessity.

disparate treatment defense.