The lw, sw and beq MIPS instructions all use the low 16-bits within the machine instruction together with a register to generate a 32-bit memory address.

a) Explain how the 32-bit sw machine instruction indicates which register to use to generate the 32-bit memory address.

b) Explain how the 32-bit lw machine instruction uses the low 16 bits from the instruction to generate the 32-bit memory address.

c) Explain how the 32-bit beq machine instruction uses the low 16 bits from the instruction to generate the 32-bit branch target address.

d) Explain how the 32-bit j (jump) machine instruction generates the 32-bit address to which the instruction transfers control.