The National Football League has developed a regression model to predict the number of wins during a season for a team using the following independent variables:

• Average points per game during the season (PPG)
• Average number of penalties committed per game during the season (PEN)
• Turnover differential during the season (TO)

Turnover differential is defined as the number of times the team took the ball away from their opponent with a turnover minus the number of times the team gave the ball away to their opponent with a turnover. For example, if TO = +5, the team had five more takeaways than giveaways. If TO = -7, the team had seven more giveaways than takeaways during the season.

SUMMARY OUTPUT Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.8075 R Square Adjusted R Square Standard Error 1.9338 Observations 32 ANOVA of SS MS F Significance F Regression 0.00 Residual 104.71 Total 31 300.97 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Intercept 1.5572 3.1208 0.6217 PEN -0.2938 0.3438 0.4000 PPG 0.3523 0.0903 0.0005 TO 0.1371 0.0397 0.0018