The Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), PCI eXtended (PCI-X), and PCI Express (PCIe) are families of bus standards that define the computer address, data, and control bus functions. Compare and contrast these standards in terms of bus architecture, data transfer rates, clock rates, and supported bus sizes. Discuss what bus standards you would typically use in an enterprise server versus a desktop computing environment.

Multicore and multiprocessors are able to run applications in parallel thus reducing execution time and increasing system performance. Describe challenges and limitations of designing and running parallelized programs using multicore and multiprocessors systems in terms of concurrency issues, memory utilization, data caching, and programming languages for building parallel applications. Select the parallel programming language that you would prefer and explain your selection.