The principle of reasonableness suggests that policy decisions should: a$.$ Include mechanisms for receiving and reacting to new information and concerns. b$.$ Be determined by an ethics committee that includes Uncle Rico c$.$ Be based on a democratic vote. d$.$ Include mechanisms for ensuring people are held responsible for their actions in the process. e$.$ None of the above. $0\mathrm{.}25$ points QUESTION $2$ The principle of transparency suggests that: a$.$ Decisions should be based on the greatest good for the greatest number. b$.$ Decisions should be based on the greatest good for the most vulnerable people. c$.$ Policy decisions should be determined by secret ballot and majority rule. d$.$ People affected by policy decisions should have access to information about the process and the basis upon which decisions are made. e$.$ None of the above. $0\mathrm{.}25$ points QUESTION $3$ The philosophy of libertarianism suggests: a$.$ Individuals should be permitted to behave as they wish. b$.$ The distribution of goods in society should be made according to each individual's ability to pay. c$.$ Social merit is an acceptable criterion for allocating resources within a society, community, or organization. d$.$ All of the above. e$.$ Only answers a and c are correct. $0\mathrm{.}25$ points QUESTION $4$ The philosophy of egalitarianism suggests: a$.$ Social merit is an acceptable criterion for allocating resources within a society, community, or organization. b$.$ Distribution of resources should be made in a manner that promotes equality. c$.$ Policy decisions should be made according to the greatest good for the greatest number. d$.$ Decisions should be made according to categorical imperatives or universal, ethical duties. e$.$ None of the above. $0\mathrm{.}25$ points QUESTION $5$ Utilitarianism is based on teleology, which suggests that ethical choices should be based on: a$.$ Fixed duties. b$.$ Fixed rules. c$.$ Absolute ethical obligations. d$.$ An assessment of the consequences of each alternative. e$.$ None of the above. $0\mathrm{.}25$ points QUESTION $6$ Deontology suggests that ethical choices should be based on: a$.$ Using Napoleon Dynamite characters to help determine the ethical outcome. b$.$ Acting in a way that maximizes benefits and minimizes costs. c$.$ The greatest good for the greatest number. d$.$ Avoiding harm for the most vulnerable individuals or groups. e$.$ None of the above. $0\mathrm{.}25$ points QUESTION $7$ According to absolutism$,$ a$.$ All people should follow the same rules or duties, but only in certain situations. b$.$ All people should follow the same rules or duties, in all situations. c$.$ Some people should follow the same rules, all of the time. d$.$ People should make up their own minds about what they want to do$,$ regardless of what others says is an ethical act or duty. e$.$ None of the above $0\mathrm{.}25$ points QUESTION $8$ A misplaced fiduciary relationship arises when decision makers: a$.$ Make their decisions based on fear, intimidation, or illegitimate threats. b$.$ Allocate disproportionate resources to the squeaky wheel. c$.$ Make an error in deciding on whose behalf they are acting. d$.$ Provide preferential treatment to family or friends. e$.$ None of the above.