The probability of hatching male and female chickens from eggs in incubators is close to 50%. That means, statistically the same number of female chickens (hens) and male chickens (roosters) will hatch in the long run. One theory predicts that increasing the incubator temperature by just 0.5 degrees Celsius (compared to the standard temperature) will increase the probability of hatching female chickens. To test the theory, 1000 eggs were hatched at the increased temperature, and 563 of them turned out to be female, while the rest 437 were male.

(a) State the null hypothesis

(b) Compute the P-value (precise computation is not necessary, two significant figures is enough)

(c) Should we apply a two-sided or one-sided test?

(d) Do the data allow one to reject the Null Hypothesis, according to the common convention on P-values in biology?