The ProRataCorporation has 10m shares issued, at a price of 5 each. The expected dividend yield over the next year is 4%, with the next dividend paid one year from now. The beta of Pro Rata Cos equity is 1.6. The risk-free rate is 3% and the average return on the market index is 7%. You should assume that Modigliani-Miller irrelevance of dividend policy holds.

1. What is the cost of Pro Rata Cos equity capital? (5 marks)

2. Assuming that the expected dividend yield will remain constant over the foreseeable future, what is your expectation about the annual growth in the dividend per share of Pro Rata Cos stock? (15 marks)

3. Pro Rata Cos next ex-dividend day is exactly one year from today. Using the discounted dividend model, what is your estimate of the expected stock price on the cum-dividend day, that is, the day before the next ex-dividend day? (10 marks)

4. Pro Rata Co is considering carrying out a stock repurchase scheme to replace its dividend policy. Assume the stock repurchase scheme is equivalent to the dividend payment, that is, the amount spent on repurchasing stock is the same, and spent at the same time, as the total dividend in the original plan. How many shares would be repurchased in the stock repurchases scheme? (10 marks)

5. Outline reasons why Modigliani-Miller irrelevance of dividend policy may not hold. Explain what roles taxes, transaction costs, and signalling play in theories of dividend policy.

(10 marks)