The relationship between economic growth and inequality

is ambiguous for most countries.

depends on whether inequality is defined in absolute or relative terms.

is always positive, but can result in lower poverty.

shows that economic growth leads to higher inequality.

Urbanization

has led to a reduction in urban poverty rates.

has resulted in higher absolute poverty incidence in many countries.

led to high remittances from rural to urban areas.

has mainly reduced poverty by absorbing labor from rural areas.

Lifetime prevalence of sexual violence among women

Has been shown to be uncorrelated with the husband's education

Is highest in South-East Asia

Rises with wealth

Tends to fall with higher levels of education

Widowhood is a key factor in the feminization of poverty for all of the following reasons except,

Weak property rights leave widows vulnerable to eviction.

Widows in some developing countries face cultural barriers against employment.

HIV/AIDS has increased the average age of widows in many countries.

The children of widows have worse schooling outcomes.

Which of the following statements is true?

There is a strong linear relationship between mortality rates and nutritional status.

Higher infant mortality tends to result in higher fertility rate.

The relationship between infant mortality rates and income follows a linear pattern.

Education of women decreases the opportunity cost of having children.

All of the following are reasons for the 'feminization of poverty' except:

Women have lower life expectancy in poor regions such as Africa and Asia.

Women typically work longer hours.

Women are more exposed to uninsured risk.

Women are less financially included.

In some rich countries, obesity and poverty are positively correlated. A possible reason is that:

All of these responses are true.

Nutrition is hard to prioritize for poor families that are preoccupied with other concerns.

The production of healthy foods is less labor- and land-intensive than the production of unhealthy foods.

Fast food outlets are mostly placed in urban areas.

Borrowing constraints

are more common when poverty rates are high

impede investment, which lowers economic growth.

are more common when poverty rates are high

All of these responses are true.

Which of the following statements about economic growth and poverty is true?

Economic growth causes lower strongly relative poverty.

Economic growth plays a bigger role in the reduction of relative poverty than absolute poverty.

Economic growth is positively correlated with weakly relative poverty.

Economic growth is negatively correlated with absolute poverty.