The researchers would like to know if people's education level affects the amount of decline in executive function as they age. For this analysis, "Education" is categorized into three levels and the change in executive function ("EFChange") has been calculated by subtracting the EF score at the first testing session from the EF score at the second testing session. Perform an ANOVA to with ? = .05 to answer the following question:

Is there a significant difference in the change of executive function across different education levels? 1. Null hypothesis:

A. In the change of executive function, people with different educational levels are not significantly different.

B. In the change of executive function, people with different educational levels are significantly different.

C. In the change of executive function, the second testing session is not significantly lower than the first testing session.

D. In the change of executive function, the second testing session is not significantly different from the first testing session. 2. Select the correct DV and IV

A. DV: Change of executive function; IV: Education level

B. DV: Education level; IV: Change of executive function

C. DV: Change of executive function; IV: Testing session

D. DV: Testing session; IV: Change of executive function

Descriptives EFChange 95% Confidence Interval for Mean N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum High school or lower 19 -2.4474 7.36686 1.69007 5.9981 1.1033 -17.96 15.15 Bachelor's degree 16 -.8719 4.46106 1.11527 -3.2490 1.5053 -9.98 8.87 Gradute studies 15 -2.3347 6.46646 1.66963 -5.9157 1.2463 -12.24 10.85 Total 50 -1.9094 6.20440 87743 -3.6727 -.1461 -17.96 15.15 Tests of Homogeneity of Variances Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. EFChange Based on Mean 1.118 IN 47 335 Based on Median 1.103 47 .340 NN Based on Median and with 1.103 42.079 341 adjusted df Based on trimmed mean 1.133 2 47 .331 ANOVA EF Change Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 25.435 2 12.717 .321 727 Within Groups 1860.798 47 39.591 Total 1886.233 49