The retired mayor of Enid, Oklahoma, Ernst Currier, had a job as a loan officer and then as a senior vice president atSecurity National Bank. In his bank job, he allegedly opened 61 fraudulent loans. He used the identities of at least nine real people as well as eight fictitious people and stole about $6.2 million.¹He was sentenced to 13 years in prison on 33 felony counts.

Currier was able to circumvent one of the most important internal controls: segregation of duties. The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) states that segregation of duties "is based on shared responsibilities of a key process that disperses the critical functions of that process to more than one person or department. Without this separation in key processes, fraud and error risks are far less manageable."²Currier used local residents' identities and created false documents to open loans for millions of dollars and then collect the funds himself, without any oversight by any other employee. Creating these loans allowed him to walk up to the bank vault and take cash out of the bank without anyone questioning him. There was no segregation of duties for opening loans, or if there was, he was able to easily override those internal controls.

1.What are internal controls systems and evaluate their purposes in accounting?

2.How do you think Enid was able to override these internal controls?

3.Define fraud and analyze the various types of internal accounting controls that would have mitigated this fraud from happening.

4.Is the segregation of duties the only control mechanism that would have prevented this from happening? Discuss three other ways this dilemma could have been prevented.