The right to file a lawsuit is a fundamental aspect of civil law that serves to protect individuals by providing a legal avenue for redress when they have been wronged or harmed by another party. This right ensures that individuals can seek compensation for damages, whether they are physical, emotional, or financial. In the scenario provided, Sara Andrews can file a lawsuit against John Smith for the damages to her car and her physical injuries. This legal mechanism holds John accountable for his actions and provides Sara with a means to recover her losses. By allowing individuals to seek justice through the courts, the right to file a lawsuit helps maintain social order and deters negligent or harmful behavior, as people are aware that they can be held legally responsible for their actions